操作說明
一般罐(guan)(guan)頭(tou)食品廠(chang)對(dui)罐(guan)(guan)頭(tou)作常(chang)壓(ya)水(shui)(shui)煮加(jia)熱殺(sha)菌處理時(shi)都采(cai)用(yong)(yong)本形式的臥式殺(sha)菌鍋(guo),本設(she)備通過引入壓(ya)縮空(kong)氣(qi)可實現(xian)反壓(ya)殺(sha)菌。如(ru)(ru)冷卻(que)需在鍋(guo)內(nei)進行(xing),須用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)泵(beng)打入鍋(guo)頂(ding)部的噴(pen)水(shui)(shui)管(或(huo)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)循環系統)。在殺(sha)菌時(shi),由(you)于(yu)加(jia)熱使罐(guan)(guan)頭(tou)溫(wen)度升高,罐(guan)(guan)頭(tou)內(nei)壓(ya)力會超過罐(guan)(guan)外(wai)(在鍋(guo)內(nei))的壓(ya)力。因(yin)此,為了避免殺(sha)菌時(shi)玻(bo)璃瓶(ping)罐(guan)(guan)內(nei)增(zeng)壓(ya)而(er)跳(tiao)蓋,對(dui)馬(ma)口鐵罐(guan)(guan)兩端面凸出,必(bi)須施加(jia)反壓(ya)力,特別是對(dui)需要較(jiao)高殺(sha)菌溫(wen)度的肉類(lei)罐(guan)(guan)頭(tou)更就如(ru)(ru)此。使用(yong)(yong)反壓(ya)力殺(sha)菌,即是用(yong)(yong)壓(ya)縮空(kong)氣(qi)通入鍋(guo)內(nei)增(zeng)加(jia)壓(ya)力,防止罐(guan)(guan)頭(tou)凸罐(guan)(guan)和跳(tiao)蓋,其操作情況分述如(ru)(ru)下(xia):
由(you)于壓(ya)(ya)縮空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)是(shi)不(bu)(bu)良導熱體,況蒸汽(qi)本身又具有一(yi)定的壓(ya)(ya)力。因此,在(zai)殺(sha)菌(jun)時(shi)升溫(wen)過程(cheng)中(zhong),不(bu)(bu)放(fang)進(jin)壓(ya)(ya)縮空(kong)氣(qi)(qi),而(er)只(zhi)在(zai)達到(dao)殺(sha)菌(jun)溫(wen)度(du)(du)后處于保(bao)溫(wen)時(shi),才開(kai)放(fang)壓(ya)(ya)縮空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)入(ru)鍋(guo)內(nei),使鍋(guo)內(nei)增加0.5~0.8個大氣(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)。特經過殺(sha)菌(jun)后,降(jiang)(jiang)溫(wen)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)時(shi),停止供應蒸汽(qi),將冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)水壓(ya)(ya)入(ru)噴水管(guan)。由(you)于鍋(guo)內(nei)溫(wen)度(du)(du)下降(jiang)(jiang),蒸汽(qi)冷(leng)(leng)凝,而(er)使鍋(guo)內(nei)力降(jiang)(jiang)低采用壓(ya)(ya)縮空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)的壓(ya)(ya)力來補償。
在殺(sha)菌(jun)過程中,應(ying)注(zhu)意最初(chu)排氣(qi),進(jin)而泄汽,使蒸汽流通。亦可每隔15-20分鐘(zhong)放氣(qi)一次,促進(jin)熱交換。總(zong)之(zhi)必須滿足殺(sha)菌(jun)條件的規定(ding),按一定(ding)程序進(jin)行,殺(sha)菌(jun)溫度的高(gao)低,殺(sha)菌(jun)壓力(li)的大小(xiao),殺(sha)菌(jun)時間(jian)的長短和操作方法(fa)等均由罐頭產品殺(sha)菌(jun)工藝作出具(ju)體規定(ding)。